Warm or Cold Compresses for Eye Health

Medically reviewed by Leela Raju, MD — Written by Beth Sissons on July 22, 2021

Understanding Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a common cause of dry eyes. The meibomian glands, located on the eyelids, produce oil that lubricates the eye’s surface, preventing tears from evaporating. When these glands don’t produce enough oil or the oil quality is poor, dry eyes can result.

Benefits of Warm Compresses

Using a warm compress can help increase oil production in the meibomian glands and improve the flow of existing oil, providing relief for dry eyes. Warm compresses are particularly effective for MGD and can be heated in the microwave for easy use.

Benefits of Cold Compresses

Cold compresses are beneficial for reducing inflammation and can help with conditions like allergic conjunctivitis. They can also be an effective treatment for dry eyes, comparable to artificial tears.

Types of Compresses

• Warm Compresses: Available in pharmacies and online, these can be heated in the microwave and applied over closed eyes.
• Cold Compresses: Can be applied to the eyes three times a day for 30 seconds each to help treat dry eyes.

Safety Tips

• Warm Compresses: Ensure the compress is not too hot to avoid thermal injury.
• Cold Compresses: Be cautious with extreme temperatures to prevent damage to the eyes or surrounding areas.
• Avoid Allergens: Make sure any substances or materials used near the eyes do not cause allergic reactions.

Additional Treatments

For more severe dry eye symptoms, consider additional treatments like:

• Over-the-counter eye drops or artificial tears
• Prescription medications, such as cyclosporine or lifitegrast
• Tear duct plugs
• Surgery, in cases where the lower eyelids are too loose

Lifestyle Tips to Manage Dry Eyes

• Avoid smoky, windy, or air-conditioned environments
• Use a humidifier to maintain air moisture
• Limit screen time and take regular breaks
• Stay hydrated by drinking 8–10 glasses of water daily
• Aim for 7–8 hours of sleep each night

Symptoms of Dry Eyes

Signs you might have dry eyes include:

• A scratchy or gritty sensation
• Stinging or burning feeling
• Redness in the whites of the eyes
• Increased sensitivity to light
• Blurred vision
• A feeling of pressure on the eyes

Causes of Dry Eyes

Dry eyes can result from:

• Inadequate tear production
• Tears evaporating too quickly
• Poor tear quality
• Certain medications, like antihistamines
• Excessive screen time and exposure to blue light
• Age (50+), gender (more common in females)
• Wearing contact lenses
• Nutritional deficiencies, such as low vitamin A or omega-3 fatty acids
• Autoimmune conditions like lupus or Sjogren’s syndrome